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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, which are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD seem to balance brain chemicals and increase their levels. They cannot solve the problem and can only manage symptoms if taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include an increase in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset as well as anxiety and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant medications experience a minor reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and is the most widely used drug for treating ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, such as a liquid chewable tablet, an orally disintegrating tablet that acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug works by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which helps to improve focus. It can also help reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methylphenidate is a proven treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, like behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The drug can cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. It may also trigger a rapid change in blood sugar levels, and people with diabetes should be aware when taking this medication. Consult your physician in the event that you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon that causes numbness in the feet and fingers. This is a rare, but serious side result. It is crucial to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms develop. There is a concerns that methylphenidate may slow children's growth, however this hasn't been proven to be the case. If your child is taking methylphenidate make sure you be aware of their weight and height. If your child takes a tablet containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it can be dangerous for children suffering from phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about an alternative methylphenidate formulation when you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD however, some people have trouble with them. In these instances, doctors may prescribe other medications that function in a similar way. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. They are usually taken two to three times daily, but some people can take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however they are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known by the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and decreases hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is part of a class called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine two chemical messengers that control brain activity. It is a favorite among children and adults who want an alternative to stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine is not effective immediately, and it may take up to six weeks for the effects of the medication to be apparent. You may also experience negative side effects, such as drowsiness and nausea. However the benefits of atomoxetine far outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study that was conducted on 297 ADHD patients aged between 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine as well as placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine group saw more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was not significant. In a second open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants received atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms when compared to the placebo group and scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. One patient however, experienced an rash and resigned from the study. Additionally, three patients reported intermittent gastrointestinal problems and one reported increased fatigue (Kratochvil et al 2005). Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine, talk to your doctor about your health history as well as any other medications or supplements that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medicines. It is crucial to inform your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease or an unusually sudden death. Avoid the use of atomoxetine in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid and linezolid in the past 14 days, or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It can also decrease impulsivity, and increase concentration. However it doesn't affect the brain in the similar way that stimulants do. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the right dosage for you. Bupropion is available in capsules and tablets. It is crucial to follow the prescriptions. You might experience withdrawal symptoms when you stop abruptly. The most common dosage is two or three doses daily divided by four to six hours. The dosage can range from 100mg two or three times per day up to 150mg four or three times every day. The drug is taken up by the digestive system and excreted in urine. It isn't able to penetrate breast milk. However, it is able to enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, so it's vital to monitor it regularly. Bupropion is a great drug that, in addition to reducing ADHD symptoms and reducing depression, also helps to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This prevents the neurotransmitter dopamine from reaching your brain, which can help to regulate your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications It's therefore important to tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's also important to determine whether you are allergic to. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants because they can cause side effects to become worse. A number of studies have compared bupropion to placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and most studies were poorly conducted. Many of these studies did not include people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. Nevertheless, the data suggest that bupropion can have a slight effect on ADHD. More research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, such as an improvement in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the molecular types of ADHD. This includes a better knowledge of the relationship between the molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to understand how different anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants may be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD are not effective or cause adverse side adverse effects. These medications, like imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor), increase the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps people focus. These older drugs can have serious negative side effects. They are usually only used when other medications fail. The first choice of antidepressant for depression is usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram and escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, that have been in use for a long time, can be used in certain situations. They are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains but their antidepressant action is not the identical. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake and also act as antagonists of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. Additionally, they're safe in the womb and do not appear to cause teratogenicity in humans or animals. If they are abruptly stopped, they could cause severe withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor might suggest gradually lowering the dose over several weeks to reduce the effects. While not officially approved by the FDA as a treatment for adhd Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It is believed to increase the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine within the brain to improve concentration. It is also known to reduce anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants to produce more rapid and lasting results. While there aren't any FDA-approved nonstimulant medications for ADHD however, many people get relief from the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. best adhd medication that is low in fat and sugar can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people may also benefit by avoiding caffeine. Tell your doctor all medications you or your child is taking, including herbal remedies and prescription drugs. This will prevent interactions and minimize unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medications can affect every person differently, and it's often a trial and error to find the right drug and dosage for your child or yourself.